美国国家工程院新选出106名院士：沈向洋等8位华人入选

当地时间2月8日，美国国家工程院（The National Academy of Engineering ，NAE）公布了最新入选的84名院士和22名外籍院士名单。加上今年新院士后，美国国家工程院院士总数为：院士 2281名，外籍院士249名。

在这份新鲜出炉的名单中，共有8位华人入选。分别是：

加利福尼亚大学计算机 科学 系教授丛京生；

加利福尼亚大学电子工程与计算机科学系教授King Liu, Tsu-Jae；

通用电气副总裁陈向力；

美国能源部太平洋西北国家实验室Leung, L. Ruby；

伦斯勒理工学院电子与计算机系统工程学院教授周祖康（Chow, Joe H）；

南加州大学化学工程和材料科学系教授张东晓；

西北大学机械工程学院教授黄永刚；

微软 全球执行副总裁沈向洋（外籍院士）。

美国国家工程院的新闻稿称，入选NAE院士，对于工程师而言是最高的专业荣誉。这一荣誉是对入选人在工程领域内从事研究、实践和教育做出卓越贡献的肯定。

美国国家工程院官网介绍，院士的评定由同行（当前美国国家工程院院士）推荐。

值得一提的是，美国国家工程院拒绝个人申请。无论是院士（美国国籍）还是外籍院士（非美国国籍）候选人提名和选举，需要符合下述1个或2个类别：

1.授予那些在工程领域内从事研究、实践和教育并做出卓越贡献的人士，其中包括对工程研究做出正确的、巨大的贡献的学者。

2.还有那些对新的技术领域起到开创作用、在传统工程领域具有突出贡献、或者是在工程教育中开发或者采纳了创新方法的学者。

除了上述两个条件外，美国国家工程院还特别提到了一点：院士候选人应保证自己的专业诚信，并被同行和其他专业人士认可。

院士候选人具体的选举过程为，由当前一名院士推荐，并有三名额外的院士或荣誉院士支持。提名和候选人的申请时间一般在每年的2月至5月之间。每年的提名人选仅向当前的院士发布，并对外严格保密。美国国家工程院同行委员会对各个领域的提名人进行审查，并向美国国家工程院委员会给出建议，以便美国国家工程院的理事会进行审议。最终的入选名单在下一年的1月份经过全院的成员投票选出，结果于2月中旬对外界公布。整个过程都严格保密。

Facebook 、微软人工智能“大牛”入选

在今年的名单中，人工智能领域有两位著名人物入选。分别是Facebook人工智能实验室主任杨乐昆（Yann LeCun），微软全球执行副总裁沈向洋。

杨乐昆出生在法国，曾在多伦多大学跟随深度学习鼻祖Geoffrey Hinton进行博士后的研究，现在是纽约大学终身教授，是人工智能神经网络研究的先锋。在加盟Facebook之前，他在贝尔实验室工作了超过20年，那里是全世界最著名的计算机研究实验室，诞生过许多伟大的产品。杨乐昆在贝尔实验室工作期间开发了一套能够识别手写数字的系统，并把它命名为LeNet。这个系统能自动识别银行支票。

2013年，Facebook成立了人工智能研究实验室（FAIR），杨乐昆成为Facebook这个新成立实验室的主任。

美国国家工程院给杨乐昆入选的理由为：“开发了卷积神经网络，并将它们应用于计算机视觉和其他人工智能领域。”

沈向洋

值得一提的是，微软全球执行副总裁沈向洋是今年美国国家工程院选出的外籍院士之一。沈向洋出生在江苏南京，大学毕业于南京工学院（现为东南大学）；后相继获得香港大学电机电子工程系硕士学位；研究生毕业后，进入卡内基梅隆大学计算机学院，成为著名的计算机专家拉吉·瑞迪（Raj Reddy）教授的学生，1996年获卡内基梅隆大学计算机学院机器人专业博士学位。

沈向洋是计算机视觉和图形学研究的专家，同时也是美国电气电子工程协会院士（IEEE Fellow）及国际计算机协会院士（ACM Fellow），曾任国际计算视觉期刊编委会成员，担任2007年计算机视觉国际会议议程主席。曾发表关于计算机视觉、计算机图形学、图形识别、统计学习和机器人科学方面100多篇论文，拥有超过50项美国专利。

对于沈向洋的入选，美国国家工程院认为：“对计算机视觉和计算机图形学有突出贡献，领导行业的研究和产品发展”。

8位华人学者入选

除了沈向洋入选外籍院士外，另有7位华人学者入选院士。

黄永刚

其中，黄永刚因在可伸展电子器件力学及机械引导三维自组装方面的先驱工作当选。根据北京大学工学院的公开信息，黄永刚，1962年出生，1984年毕业于北京大学力学系，1990年获美国哈佛大学博士学位。黄永刚的父亲为清华大学教授黄克智，父子二人均为国际固体力学领域的领袖人物。

张东晓

张东晓，现为北京大学工学院院长，因在多孔介质流体随机模拟的先锋工作而当选NAE院士。张东晓本科毕业于东北大学，1990年秋赴美国亚利桑那大学留学，从师于世界著名的水文专家纽曼院士，分别于1992和1993年获水资源系硕士和博士学位。博士毕业后在美国亚利桑那大学从事博士后研究工作。曾在美国南加州大学和奥克拉荷马大学任职，入选中组部千人计划。

丛京生，洛杉矶加州大学计算机科学系教授、系主任，兼超大规模集成电路计算机辅助设计（VLSI CAD）实验室主任。1985年，丛京生本科毕业于北京大学计算机科学与技术系；1987年获得美国伊利诺大学香宾分校（UIUC） 计算机科学系硕士学位；1990年获得美国伊利诺大学香宾分校计算机科学系博士学位。同时，他也是IEEE院士。自2000年起，丛京生受聘为北京大学讲座教授。美国国家工程院给出入选理由：“通过在现场可编程门阵列合成上的创新，对应用指向型的可编程逻辑做出贡献”

陈向力

陈向力，通用电气副总裁。1985年毕业于中国科学技术大学，获物理学学士学位，后获美国伊利诺大学硕士和博士学位，共有七项专利，发表技术论文40多篇。2009年9月，上海市政府授予陈向力白玉兰奖。美国国家工程院给的入选理由是：“在光学传感和激光精密加工上的开创性工作，领导全球化的创业研究和发展。”

周祖康，现为伦斯勒理工学院电子与计算机系统工程学院教授。因“对建模、分析和大规模能源系统的控制有技术贡献。”当选美国国家工程院院士。

Leung, L. Ruby，现为美国能源部太平洋西北国家实验室成员，长期从事区域气候模式的发展和应用研究，是国际公认的区域气候模拟领域的领军者。美国国家工程院给予她的入选理由：“在气候变化和水文处理上的地区和全球计算机建模上做出开创性工作。”

King Liu, Tsu-Jae，现为加利福尼亚大学电子工程与计算机科学系教授。本科、硕士和博士均毕业于斯坦福大学。美国国家工程院给出的入选理由：在鳍式场效电晶体（FinFET）上有突出贡献，并把其应用到纳米互补金属氧化物半导体技术中。

另附106位院士名单：

院士

Allen, David T., Melvin H. Gertz Regents Chair in Chemical Engineering, McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin.

Arruda, Ellen M., professor, macromolecular science and engineering, department of mechanical engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Asphahani, Aziz I., chief executive officer, QuesTek Innovations LLC, Evanston, Ill.

Boger, David Vernon, professor, department of chemical engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.

Bose, Arindam, consultant in business organization, biotechnology, bioengineering, and biosimilars, AbiologicsB LLC, Pawcatuck, Conn.

Bose, Bimal K., consultant and emeritus professor, department of electrical engineering and computer science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville.

Bostick, Thomas P., senior vice president, environment sector, Intrexon Corp., Germantown, Md.

Boulanger, Ross W., professor and director, Center for Geotechnical Engineering, department of civil and environmental engineering, University of California, Davis.

Budnitz, Robert J., staff scientist, earth sciences division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley.

Cabuz, Cleopatra, vice president of engineering, Honeywell Industrial Safety, Honeywell Corp., Golden Valley, Minn.

Ceder, Gerbrand, Chancellor’s Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley.

Chen, Xiangli, vice president, General Electric Co., and president, GE China Technology Center, Shanghai.

Chong, Dianne, retired vice president, assembly, factory, and support technologies, Boeing Engineering, Operations, and Technology, Boeing Co., Bellevue, Wash.

Chow, Joe H., professor, electrical and computer systems engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y.

Cong, Jingsheng Jason, Chancellor's Professor and director, Center for Dynamic-Specific Computing, computer science department, University of California, Los Angeles.

Crocker, James H., vice president, international, and general manager, Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co., Littleton, Colo.

Dankberg, Mark David, chairman and chief executive officer, ViaSat Inc., Carlsbad, Calif.

Daskin, Mark S., Clyde W. Johnson Collegiate Professor and chair, department of industrial and operations engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Diffie, Bailey Whitfield, adviser, Black Ridge Technology, Redwood City, Calif.

Dindoruk, Birol, principal technical expert of reservoir engineering, Shell Technology Center, Shell International E&P Inc., Houston.

Dogru, Ali H., chief technologist and fellow, computational modeling technology, EXPEC ARC (Exploration and Petroleum Engineering Center – Advanced Research Center), Saudi Aramco/Saudi Arabian Oil Co., Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.

Ducharme, Eric H., general manager, advanced technology, GE Aviation, Cincinnati.

Entekhabi, Dara, Bacardi and Stockholm Water Foundations Professor, department of civil and environmental engineering and department of earth, atmospheric, and planetary sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.

Ewing, Rodney C., Frank Stanton Professor in Nuclear Security, Center for International Security and Cooperation, and professor, department of geological and environmental sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.

Gerngross, Tillman U., co-founder and chief executive officer, Adimab LLC, Lebanon, N.H.

Giri, Jay, director, power systems technology and strategic initiatives, GE Grid Solutions, General Electric Co., Redmond, Wash.

Goldsmith, Andrea Jo, Stephen Harris Professor of Engineering, department of electrical engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.

Gray III, George T. (Rusty), laboratory fellow, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, N.M.

Guibas, Leonidas J., Paul Pigott Professor of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, computer science department, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.

Gunsel, Selda, general manager, products and quality, Shell Global Lubricants Supply Chain, Royal Dutch Shell PLC, Houston.

Hammond, Paula Therese, David H. Koch Professor and department head, department of chemical engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.

Hastings, Daniel E., Cecil and Ida Green Education Professor, chief executive officer, and director, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.

Hirschberg, Julia, Percy K. and Vida L.W. Hudson Professor of Computer Science, and chair, department of computer science, Columbia University, New York City.

Holmes, William T., senior consultant, Rutherford &Chekene, Consulting Structural Engineers, San Francisco.

Holmgren, Jennifer R., chief executive officer, LanzaTech, Skokie, Ill.

Howell, Kathleen Connor, associate dean for engineering and Hsu Lo Distinguished Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind.

Huang, Yonggang, Walter P. Murphy Professor of Engineering, department of mechanical engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill.

Imran, Mir A., chairman and chief executive officer, Incube Ventures, San Jose, Calif.

Katabi, Dina, professor, computer science and artificial intelligence laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.

Katsoulis, Dimitris E., senior research scientist, Dow Corning Corp., Midland, Mich.

King Liu, Tsu-Jae, TSMC Distinguished Professor in Microelectronics and chair, department of electrical engineering and computer sciences, University of California, Berkeley.

LeCun, Yann A., director, AI Research, Facebook, New York City.

Leung, L. Ruby, laboratory fellow, atmospheric sciences and global change division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Richland, Wash.

Lewis, Jennifer A., Hansjorg Wyss Professor of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.

Ligler, George T., consultant, GTL Associates, Fuquay-Varina, N.C. For leadership and engineering innovation in specifying and implementing complex computer-based systems for aviation and the U.S. Census.

Lipner, Steven B., executive director, SAFECode, Wakefield, Mass.

McCabe, Robert W., program director, division of chemical, bioengineering, environmental, and transport systems, National Science Foundation, Arlington, Va.

Moncarz, Piotr D., principal engineer, buildings and structures, Exponent, Menlo Park, Calif.

Monnier, John R., research professor, chemical engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia.

Nalamasu, Omkaram, senior vice president and chief technology officer, Applied Materials Inc., and president, Applied Ventures LLC, Santa Clara, Calif.

Narayan, Jagdish, John C.C. Fan Distinguished Chair Professor, department of materials science and engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh.

Nemirovski, Arkadi, John Hunter Chair and Professor, H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta.

Niemeier, Debbie A., professor, department of civil and environmental engineering, University of California, Davis.

Panday, Sorab, principal engineer, GSI Environmental Inc., Herndon, Va.

Parlange, Marc Brendan, dean, faculty of applied science, and professor, department of civil engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Poston, Randall W., senior principal, Pivot Engineers, Austin, Texas.

Razavi, Behzad, professor, department of electrical engineering, University of California, Los Angeles.

Schaeffer, Jon C., senior engineering manager, materials and processes engineering, GE Power &Water, Greenville, S.C.

Scheeres, Daniel Jay, distinguished professor and A. Richard Seebass Endowed Chair Professor in Aerospace Engineering Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder.

Schlom, Darrell G., Herbert Fisk Johnson Professor of Industrial Chemistry, department of materials science and engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.

Servedio, Dominick M., executive chairman, STV Group, New York City.

Slaughter, E. Sarah, chief executive officer and founder, Built Environment Coalition, Cambridge, Mass.

Slocum Jr., Alexander H., professor, department of mechanical engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.

Smith, Megan Joan, former U.S. Chief Technology Officer and assistant to the president, White House Office of Science and Technology, Washington, D.C.

Solomon, Darlene Joy Spira, senior vice president and chief technology officer, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, Calif.

Spalart, Philippe R., senior technical fellow, Boeing Commercial Airplanes, Seattle.

Splinter, Michael R., general partner, WISC Partners, Los Altos, Calif. Strano, Michael S., Carbon P. Dubbs Professor of Chemical Engineering, department of chemical engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.

Tayur, Sridhar R., Ford Distinguished Research Chair Professor of Operations Management, Tepper School of Business, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh.

Toner, Mehmet, Helen Andrus Benedict Professor, Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, and professor of health sciences, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston.

Turinsky, Paul J., professor, department of nuclear engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh.

Valenzuela, Reinaldo A., director, wireless communications research, Nokia Bell Labs, Holmdel, N.J.

van Welie, Gordon, president and chief executive officer, ISO New England, Holyoke, Mass.

Van Wie, David M., mission area executive, precision strike mission area, Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, Md.

Varghese, George, Chancellor’s Professor, department of computer science, University of California, Los Angeles.

Vautrinot, Suzanne M., president, Kilovolt Consulting Inc., San Antonio.

Voight, Barry, professor emeritus of geology and geological engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. For contributions to the understanding, management, and mitigation of geologic hazards.

Westbrook, Charles K., retired senior scientist, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, Calif.

Wilson, Blake S., co-director, Duke Hearing Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, N.C. Winzer, Peter J., director, optical transmission systems and networks research, Nokia Bell Labs, Holmdel, N.J. Yannas, Ioannis V., professor of polymer science and engineering, department of mechanical engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.

Yarmush, Martin L., Paul and Mary Monroe Chair Distinguished Professor, biomedical engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, N.J.

Yelick, Katherine A., associate laboratory director, computer science, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and professor, electrical engineering and computer science, University of California, Berkeley.

Zhang, Dongxiao (Don), research professor, Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.

外籍院士：

Alcocer, Sergio Manuel, research professor, Institute of Engineering, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City.

Arakawa, Yasuhiko, professor, electrical engineering department, University of Tokyo, Tokyo.

Asakawa, Chieko, chief technology officer for accessibility research and technology, IBM Research Tokyo, IBM Japan Ltd., Tokyo.

Beven, Keith John, distinguished professor of hydrology, Lancaster Environmental Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom.

Charlès, Bernard, president and chief executive officer, Dassault Systèmes, Vélizy-Villacoublay, France.

Foster, F. Stuart, professor and Canada Research Chair in ultrasound imaging, department of medical biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto.

Fujino, Michimasa, president and chief executive officer, Honda Aircraft Co., Greensboro, N.C.

Fussenegger, Martin, professor, biotechnology and bioengineering, department of biosystems science and engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland.

Hadziioannou, Georges, University Professor Classe Exceptionelle, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France.

Hahn, Horst, director, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.

Kataoka, Kazunori, professor, biomaterials, department of bioengineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo.

Kikuchi, Noboru, president and chief operating officer, Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc., Aichi, Japan. Kirchheim, Reiner, distinguished professor of the state of lower Saxony, University of G ettingen, G ettingen, Germany.

Lercher, Johannes A., chair, technical chemistry, department of chemistry, Technical University, Munich.

Lohse, Detlef, chair, department of physics of fluids, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.

Mallat, Stéphane, professor, computer science, école Normale Supérieure, Paris.

O'Connor, Cyril Thomas, professor emeritus and senior research scholar, department of chemical engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa.

Shum, Heung-Yeung, executive vice president, technology and research, Microsoft Corp., Redmond, Wash.

Sifakis, Joseph, professor, School of Computer and Communication Science, école Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Smith, Colin P., group president, Rolls-Royce PLC, Derbyshire, United Kingdom.

Vayenas, Constantinos G., professor, department of chemical engineering, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.

Woodford, Dennis A., president, Electranix Corp., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

(澎湃新闻)